Which cells have granules

The lysosomal membrane glycoproteins lamp-1 and lamp-2 are present in mobilizable organelles, but are absent from the azurophil granules of human neutrophils. Internalization of type 1 complement receptors and de novo multivesicular body formation during chemoattractant-induced endocytosis in human neutrophils.

Constitutive pro insulin release from pancreas of transgenic mice expressing monomeric insulin. Differential trafficking of soluble and integral membrane secretory granule-associated proteins.

Cloning of human lysozyme gene and expression in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Cationic defensins arise from charge-neutralized propeptides: A mechanism for avoiding leukocyte autocytotoxicity. Calreticulin functions as a molecular chaperone in the biosynthesis of myeloperoxidase.

An N-terminal hydrophobic peak is the sorting signal of regulated secretory proteins. Posttranslational processing and targeting of transgenic human defensin in murine granulocyte, macrophage, fibroblast, and pituitary adenoma cell lines.

Carboxyl-terminal prodomain-deleted human leukocyte elastase and cathepsin G are efficiently targeted to granules and enzymatically activated in the rat basophilic mast cell line RBL.

Exocytotic competence and intergranular fusion in cord blood derived eosinophils during differentiation. Identification of routing determinants in the cytosolic domain of a secretory granule-associated integral membrane protein. Divergent fates of P- and E-selectins after their expression and the plasma membrane. Cytoplasmic domain of P-selectin CD62 contains the signal for sorting into the regulated secretory pathway.

Targeting of proteins to granule subsets determined by timing not by sorting: the specific granule protein NGAL is localized to azurophil granules when expressed in HL cells.

Effects of myeloid cell growth factors on alkaline phosphatase, myeloperoxidase, defensin and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor mRNA expression in haemopoietic cells of normal individuals and myeloid disorders. Development of the phagocytic and cidal capacity during maturation of myeloid cells: Studies on cells from patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia. Synthesis and localization of myeloperoxidase protein in transfected BHK cells.

The pro region of human neutrophil defensin contains a motif that is essential for normal subcellular sorting. Activation of the 92 kDa gelatinase by stromelysin and 4-aminophenylmercuric acetate. NB4 cells show bilineage potential and an aberrant pattern of neutrophil secondary granule protein gene expression. Lactoferrin gene promoter: Structual integrity and nonexpression in HL60 cells. Development of the superoxide-generating system during differentiation of the HL human promyelocytic leukemia cell line.

Regulated and constitutive secretion. Differential effects of protein synthesis arrest on transport of glycosaminoglycan chains to the two secretory pathways. Calcium-dependent vesicular exocytosis: From constitutive to regulated secretion. Anomalous neutrophil granule distribution in a patient with lactoferrin deficiency: Pertinence to the respiratory burst. Identification of the homologous beige and Chediak-Higashi syndrome genes. Association of a Ras-related protein with cytochrome b of human neutrophils.

Myeloperoxidase: Expression and modulation in a large panel of human leukemia-lymphoma cell lines. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor induction of normal human bone marrow progenitors results in neutrophil-specific gene expression. Localization of an abundant myeloid mRNA to individual leukocytes in mixed cell populations.

Evaluation of the expression of the cationic peptide gene in various types of leukocytes. Distinct temporal patterns of defensin mRNA regulation during drug-induced differentiation of human myeloid leukemia cells.

Isolation of lactoferrin cDNA from a human myeloid library and expression of mRNA during normal and leukemic myelopoiesis. Cloning and expression of the cDNA encoding mouse neutrophil gelatinase — Demonstration of coordinate secondary granule protein gene expression during terminal neutrophil maturation.

Identification and characterization of the human myeloperoxidase promoter. A base pair element is responsible for the myeloid-specific activity of the human neutrophil elastase promoter. Genomic organization and chromosomal localization of the human cathepsin G gene. Early myeloid cell-specific expression of the human cathepsin G gene in transgenic mice. Structure, chromosomal assignment, and expression of the gene for proteinase The Wegener's granulomatosis autoantigen.

The human lysozyme promoter directs reporter gene expression to activated myelomonocytic cells in transgenic mice. CCAAT displacement protein as a repressor of the myelomonocytic-specific gpphox gene promoter. Mutations in the promoter region of the gene for gpphox in x-linked chronic granulomatous disease with decreased expression of cytochrome b CCAAT displacement protein competes with multiple transcriptional activators for binding to four sites in the proximal gp91 phox promoter.

Interferon regulatory factor-2 directs transcription from the gp91 phox promoter. Human neutrophil cytochrome b light chain pphox. Gene structure, chromosomal location, and mutations in cytochrome-negative autosomal recessive chronic granulomatous disease. Leukocyte integrin CD11b promoter directs expression in lymphocytes and granulocytes in transgenic mice. The CD11b promoter directs high-level expression of reporter genes in macrophages in transgenic mice. The human beta 2 integrin CD18 promoter consists of two inverted ets cis-elements.

CD18 beta 2 leukocyte integrin promoter requires PU. Genomic structure and expression of the human gene encoding cytochrome b , an integral protein of the chromaffin granule membrane. Genomic structure and mapping of the chromosomal gene for transcobalamin I TCN1 : Comparison to human intrinsic factor.

Complete structure of the human gene for kDa type IV collagenase. Divergent regulation of expression for the and kilodalton enzyme genes in HT cells. Mutations in the X-linked and autosomal recessive forms of chronic granulomatous disease.

Cis-elements in the promoter region of the human myeloperoxidase MPO gene. Identification of the promoter of the myelomonocytic leukocyte integrin CD11b. Characterization of a gpphox promoter element that is required for interferon gamma-induced transcription.

Cell cycle-dependent initiation and lineage-dependent abrogation of GATA-1 expression in pure differentiating hematopoietic progenitors.

An acute myeloid gene, AML1, regulates hematopoietic myeloid cell differentiation and transcriptional activation antagonistically by two spliced forms. Blood a, abstr, suppl 1. The murine myeloperoxidase promoter contains several functional elements, one of which binds a cell type-restricted transcription factor, myloid neclear factor 1 MyNF1. Nuclear oncoprotein expression as a function of lineage, differentiation stage, and proliferative status of normal human hematopoietic cells.

Constitutive expression of a c-myb cDNA blocks Friend murine erythroleukemia cell differentiation. Myb and NF-M: Combinatorial activators of myeloid genes in heterologous cell types. Neutrophils and monocytes express high levels of PU. Inhibition of hematopoiesis by copetitive binding of transcrption factor PU.

The proto-oncogene PU. Restriction of interferon gamma responsiveness and basal expression of the myeloid human Fc gamma R1b gene is mediated by a functional PU. Involvement of the transcription factor PU. Function of PU. Granulophysin is located in the membrane of azurophilic granules in human neutrophils and mobilizes to the plasma membrane following cell stimulation.

Ultrastructural localization of the CD68 macrophage-associated antigen in human blood neutrophils and monocytes. The intracellular transport of glucosaminoglycans mucopolysaccharides in human leukocytes. Alpha1 -antitrypsin is present within the primary granules of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

Covalent structure of two novel neutrophile leucocyte-derived proteins of porcine and human origin. Neutrophile elastase homologues with strong monocyte and fibroblast chemotactic activities.

Amino acid sequence of CAP37, a human neutrophil granule-derived antibacterial and monocyte-specific chemotactic glycoprotein structurally similar to neutrophil elastase. The neutral proteases of human granulocytes.

Isolation and partial characterization of granulocyte elastase. Ultrastructural localization of lactoferrin and myeloperoxidase in human neutrophils by immunogold. Ultrastructural localization of proteinase 3, the target antigen of anti-cytoplasmic antibodies circulating in Wegener's granulomatosis. Mobilization of sialidase from intracellular stores to the surface of human neutrophils and its role in stimulated adhesion responses of these cells. Immunogold localization of ubiquitin-protein conjugates in primary azurophilic granules of polymorphonuclear neutrophils.

Functional, physical and ultrastructural localization of CD15 antigens to the human polymorphonuclear leukocyte secondary granule. Human neutrophils contain an intracellular pool of putative receptors for the chemoattractant N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine.

Subcellular distribution and membrane association of human neutrophil substrates for ADP-ribosylation by pertussis toxin and cholera toxin. Further characterization of the NB 1 antigen as a variably expressed kD GPI-linked glycoprotein of plasma membranes and specific granules of neutrophils. Enhancement of human neutrophil functions by a monoclonal antibody directed against a 19 kDa antigen. J Immunol , Association of rap1 and rap2 proteins with the specific granules of human neutrophils.

Translocation to the plasma membrane during cell activation. Subcellular distribution of the Rap1A protein in human neutrophils: Colocalization and cotranslocation with cytochrome b Thrombospondin receptor expression in human neutrophils coincides with the release of a subpopulation of specific granules. Mobilizable intracellular pool of p55 type I tumor necrosis factor receptors in human neutrophils. The receptor for urokinase-type plasminogen activator and urokinase is translocated from two distinct intracellular compartments to the plasma membrane on stimulation of human neutrophils.

The latent collagenase and gelatinase of human polymorphonuclear neutrophil leucocytes. Localization of histaminase to the specific granule of the human neutrophil. Human neutrophil plasminogen activator is localized in specific granules and is translocated to the cell surface by exocytosis. Analytical subcellular fractionation of human granulocytes with reference to the localization of vitamin Bbinding proteins: Analytical subcellular fractionation of human granulocytes with reference to the localization of vitamin B12 -binding protein.

Association between gelatinase release and increased plasma membrane expression of the Mo1 glycoprotein. Arachidonic acid release from diacylglycerol in human neutrophils. Translocation of diacylglycerol-deacylating enzyme activities from an intracellular pool to plasma membrane upon cell activation.

Intracellular localization of platelet-activating factor synthesis in human neutrophils. Regulation of C1q receptor expression on human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Expression of C3b receptors on human B cells and myelomonocytic cells but not natural killer cells. Add comment Close comment form modal. Submit a comment. Comment title. You have entered an invalid code. Submit Cancel. Thank you for submitting a comment on this article. Your comment will be reviewed and published at the journal's discretion.

Please check for further notifications by email. Volume 89, Issue Previous Article Next Article. View Metrics. Cited By Google Scholar. Email alerts Article Activity Alert. Latest Issue Alert. Close Modal. CD63 59 , CD15 antigens NB 1 antigen VAMP-2 Diacylglycerol-deacylating enzyme Alkaline phosphatase , Acid mucopolysaccharide Bactericidal permeability increasing protein Cathepsins Defensins 43 , Elastase Lysozyme 7 , 8 , Myeloperoxidase Sialidase Ubiquitin-protein Collagenase Gelatinase 21 , Histaminase Heparanase Lactoferrin Urokinase-type plasminogen activator , Vitamin B 12 -binding protein Acetyltransferase Download Blood Cells Lab Activities.

White blood cells leukocytes differ from red blood cells in several key ways. They are larger and less numerous than red blood cells. In addition, they have nuclei and organelles, whereas red blood cells and platelets do not. Most leukocytes spend a short time circulating in the blood, and the rest of the time, they can be found within lymphatic tissues or organs like the thymus or spleen. They are often secretory vessels.

The different types of granular myeloid white blood cells —neutrophils, basophils, and eosinophils—are named based on the type of stain that makes their granules most visible. Each type of granular myeloid white blood cell has granules with different chemical contents that help these cells respond to different types of pathogens.

Neutrophils are the most numerous granulocytes, making up a large percentage of the leukocytes found in human blood. In neutrophils, the granules are small and evenly distributed, and they appear pale lilac in color when they absorb basic or acidic dyes.

Like other granulocytes, the nuclei of neutrophils are segmented into several connected sections, or lobes. Because of this, granulocytes are often referred to as polymorphonuclear leukocytes PMNs. Most neutrophils have between two and five lobes that vary in shape. Neutrophils play a significant role in the innate immune response, often being the first, and most numerous, type of white blood cell to arrive at sites of infection or inflammation.

There is a single nucleus, which is multilobed, and can have between 2 and 5 lobes. The chromatin in the nucleus is condensed. This means that there isn't protein synthesis. There are few organelles in the cytoplasm. Neutrophils are the commonest type of white blood cell found in a blood smear. Function: Neutrophils are born in the bone marrow. They circulate in the blood for hours, and then enter the tissues. They are motile, and phagocytic and will destroy damaged tissue and bacteria.

They self destruct after one burst of activity. This picture shows an eosinophil in a blood smear. You can see that eosinophils only have two lobes to their nucleus. These cells have large acidophilic specific granules - these stain bright red, or reddish-purple. These granules contain proteins that are 'destructive' and toxic. Function : These cells are born in the bone marrow, and migrate from the peripheral blood system after a few hours, into loose connective tissue in the respiratory and gastointestinal tracts.

They phagocytose antigen-antibody complexes. They also produce histaminase, and aryl suphatase B, two enzymes that inactivate two inflammatory agents released by mast cells. A high eosinophil blood count may indicate an allergic reaction.